Watts to kVA Calculator

Enter real power in watts and power factor to calculate apparent power in kVA instantly. Essential for sizing generators, UPS systems and transformers.

Result — Apparent Power
Enter watts and power factor to see the formula used.

How do you convert watts to kVA?

Divide watts by the power factor and then by 1000: kVA = W ÷ (PF × 1000). A 1500 W load at PF 0.8 equals 1500 ÷ (0.8 × 1000) = 1.875 kVA. Because apparent power is always ≥ real power, a generator or UPS rated in kVA must be chosen based on this larger figure — not the watts alone.

Power factor represents the efficiency of power use in an AC circuit. Resistive loads (heaters, incandescent lamps) have PF = 1.0 so kVA = kW. Inductive loads (motors, transformers) typically have PF 0.7–0.95, meaning the apparent power is significantly higher than the real power.

Watts to kVA Conversion Table

Watts (W)PF 0.7PF 0.8PF 0.9PF 1.0
500 W0.714 kVA0.625 kVA0.556 kVA0.500 kVA
1000 W1.429 kVA1.250 kVA1.111 kVA1.000 kVA
1500 W2.143 kVA1.875 kVA1.667 kVA1.500 kVA
2000 W2.857 kVA2.500 kVA2.222 kVA2.000 kVA
5000 W7.143 kVA6.250 kVA5.556 kVA5.000 kVA
10000 W14.29 kVA12.50 kVA11.11 kVA10.00 kVA

Formula

kVA = W ÷ (PF × 1,000)

Where: kVA = apparent power in kilovolt-amps, W = real power in watts, PF = power factor (0–1).

Alternatively expressed as: kVA = kW ÷ PF. If you already have kW, use the kW to kVA calculator directly.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you convert watts to kVA?

Use the formula kVA = W ÷ (PF × 1000). You need the power factor of your load. If unknown, 0.8 is a common conservative assumption for mixed AC loads.

What is the difference between real power (watts) and apparent power (kVA)?

Real power (watts) is the energy actually consumed as heat, light or work. Apparent power (kVA) is the total power the supply delivers, including the reactive portion that flows back and forth in inductive circuits. A generator must be sized to the apparent power, not just the real power.

Why do I need power factor to convert watts to kVA?

Power factor is the ratio of real power to apparent power (PF = kW ÷ kVA). Without it, you cannot determine how much of the apparent power is doing useful work. A purely resistive load (PF = 1) has kVA = kW, but a motor at PF = 0.8 needs 25 % more apparent power than its real-power rating.

How many kVA is 2000 watts?

It depends on the power factor. At PF 0.8: 2000 ÷ (0.8 × 1000) = 2.5 kVA. At PF 0.9: 2000 ÷ (0.9 × 1000) ≈ 2.22 kVA. At PF 1.0: 2000 ÷ 1000 = 2.0 kVA.

Can kVA be less than kW?

No. Apparent power (kVA) is always greater than or equal to real power (kW) because PF is always ≤ 1. If kVA equalled kW, the power factor would be 1.0, meaning a purely resistive load with no reactive component.